Why do we sometimes make up the facts?

As we continue our series of podcasts on common thinking errors, in this podcast, Ricky and Richard make up stuff. Well, to be honest, I just made that up because this is a great podcast and I was not part of it! This is emotional reasoning, and if you listen to this podcast, they will introduce you to this common thinking error that we can all make from time to time.

Emotional Reasoning is where our mind mixes up who we feel about something (or someone) and the supporting facts about that situation or person. If you have ever had a bad meeting and started to think that represents the capability of your team, or decided that a new project that is all new and sexy, but has very little detail, is bound to be better than the current project, where you understand all of the complexity and issues, you have fallen prey to emotional reasoning. Listen in while Ricky and Rich help you take back control and see things as they are, not how they feel…

How to Give Tough Behavioural Feedback

Coaching can be one of the most rewarding conversations you ever have with someone — even when it starts with a call out of the blue asking for help.

One of the toughest things leaders face is giving behavioural feedback to someone who has fallen short of the standard. And often, you’re only giving it because everyone else has ducked the job.

Not because they don’t care — but because they don’t have the skills, the confidence, or the nerve to handle whatever reaction comes back.

I get it. I’m usually the one people call when the conversation feels too big or too risky. I know what it’s like to deliver the message others are scared to give… and I know what it’s like to take someone who reacts badly and help them become a high-performing leader.

So when an HR Director rang to sense-check how they should tackle a difficult team leader — someone creating pressure, fear, and a steady stream of people eyeing the exit — I was happy to help.

No one should feel like that at work.

Here’s what I shared with them.


1. People deserve feedback — even the uncomfortable kind.

Don’t dance around it.

Tell them upfront you have feedback they’re not going to like. That honesty is kinder than ten minutes of waffle.

2. Use “What, So What, Now What” — simple and effective.

WHAT: Stick to specifics and facts, not judgments.

Then invite their view. Expect denial, justification, or “that’s how we’ve always done it.”

If no one has ever challenged them before, of course, they think it’s OK.

You promote what you permit.

SO WHAT: Explain the impact. Poor behaviour doesn’t stay contained — it drives disengagement, withdrawal, and anonymous resignations. Someone else inherits the mess, and the cycle continues.

NOW WHAT: Agree on what needs to change and what happens if it doesn’t.


A few weeks later, I checked in. The HR Director said the conversation didn’t feel great, but it was absolutely necessary.

And here’s the twist: the team leader was under huge pressure and didn’t realise the effect they were having. They’d operated like this for years because no one had ever stopped them.

Top performers often get a free pass because leaders fear losing their output.

We create stories that justify our inaction.

Yes, there were mitigating factors — but never excuses.

Feedback opened the door for this person to ask for support, seek help, and commit to changing.

And here’s the important bit:

A single conversation doesn’t transform ingrained habits. Especially ones we’ve allowed to calcify through silence.

But it does create a catalyst.

If you want that change to stick:

• Support them consistently

• Reset expectations with the team

• Give the team permission to hold their leader to account

• Ensure the leader has an outlet — a safe space to vent and process pressure

Because isolation makes pressure heavy. And pressure makes behaviour worse.

Real leadership isn’t avoiding the hard message.

It’s delivering it with honesty, clarity, and humanity — and sticking around to help someone become who they want to be.

Why do we jump to conclusions?

As we continue our series on common Thinking Errors, this episode considers the way that sometimes we jump to conclusions with minimal evidence and no facts.

Ricky and Paul explore the different ways we see this playing out, taking examples from sport where commentators take stats from 20 years ago to tell us who is going to win, without anyone pointing out that there are very few sportspeople who were playing 20 years ago playing today, so it is not the same team!

If you are prone to making leaps in your logic, jumping to conclusions that don’t help you or move you forward, ask yourself when you do have a conclusion;

  • Where is the Evidence? 
  • What Alternative explanations might there be?
  • What are the Implications of this?
  • How Useful is this line of thinking?

These four vowels (E A I U) prevent you from getting to Ohh, I got that wrong.

Why do we filter out all the good stuff?

If you have ever had one bad thing happen, and suddenly cannot remember everything good that happened before, then this podcast is for you.  In this episode, Graham asks Paul about he common thinking error, Mental Filtering.   

Our brains are designed to sort through all of the information presented to us quickly and then focus on the areas that present danger or risk.  It is doing its primary job of keeping us alive long enough to pass on our genes!  Yet, in a modern world, we are not really at risk, so occasionally this amazing trick backfires and makes us hyper-focused on the challenge as if it is life and death, without adding the context of everything else that is going on.

Paul and Graham discuss why this happens, and most importantly, how you can bring balance and perspective back into your thoughts, to allow you to see problems and challenges for what they are, and remember all of the experience you are bringing to them.

Why do we often assume the worst case scenario?

In our series on thinking errors, this podcast explores catastrophising, with Richard and Graham sharing their own personal experience of this cognitive trick our mind can play, as well as examining why it happens and how to deal with it.

If you have ever turned a paper cut into a medical emergency, or a problem at work starts to feel like the first step toward unemployability, then this podcast will help you understand how this simple mental defensive mechanism can easily shift from our best friend to an unhelpful foe.

How to Build Your Culture – The Culture Advantage

Culture, an intriguing concept, holds the transformative power to shape how people come together to achieve a shared goal. While it may be intangible, the impact of a highly engaging and empowering culture is palpable, just as the toxicity of a culture can be felt.

It’s essential to recognise that culture is a mirror of our values and behaviours, a barometer of how we treat each other, and how we act when no one is watching. It’s the essence that makes a team or business unit appealing to someone.

There is no right or wrong culture; it is the one that best suits the individuals within the team. I know people whose values conflict with a team culture and have moved on as a result. I have known people who feel so uncomfortable, bordering on unhealthy, working in a culture, yet they stick it out. In my early career, I changed organisations and felt so uncomfortable that I considered leaving on several occasions; however, I quickly moved to another branch and felt completely different. It’s funny how one leader can make you feel so uncomfortable and another make you feel so wanted.

This webinar is all about culture, where you will: Learn four different types of culture, Discover what makes culture toxic, Understand why culture matters, and what high-performing cultures have in common.

Leave with five practical steps for a high-performing culture.

Your speakers are: Graham Field and Ricky Muddimer, Leadership and Culture experts, helping organisations build high-performing teams.

What is the risk when we overgeneralise?

Now, I don’t know about you, but based just on the first 30 seconds of this podcast, this is going to be the best podcast you have ever heard…

As we continue our series on Thinking Errors, this episode explores overgeneralisation.  Richard talks Ricky through the risks associated with over-generalising, making broad-brush connections about events, people and situations based on the specifics of a single or a small number of instances.

What happens to our performance when we overgeneralise, making assumptions and decisions based on flawed information?  

How to Boost Resilience for You and Your Team

Last week, our very own Ricky Muddimer spoke at the Institute of Risk Management‘s event, which focused on Risk Manager Resilience: How to thrive in a world of constant change.

At Thinking Focus, our aim is to provide practical strategies to boost resilience for themselves and their teams. Every attendee was invited to download our free resilience toolkit, and you can, too.:

Check out our webinar on Resilience

More resources on Resilience

Why do we sometimes think it has to be everything or nothing at all?

Over the next few months, we will be running a new mini-series within ‘The Question Is…’ that explores the most common Thinking Errors. Thinking Errors are cognitive distortions that alter our thinking, distorting the way we see the world and can impact performance and mood.

In this first episode, Ricky talks to Paul about ‘All-or-Nothing’ thinking. This way of seeing situations as simple, Black or White, Right or Wrong, Good or Bad. This tricks our thoughts into seeing situations as absolute, ignoring the complexity and nuance that typically exists.

From ignoring our own success when it does not quite live up to our expectations, to feeling like we are worthless when one part goes wrong, all-or-nothing thinking adds pressure to situations, making anything that is amazing feel like a disaster. If you have ever felt like that, then this podcast is for you.

How do you keep going when the team know bigger changes are coming?

Wouldn’t it be nice if change just happened, all at once, and then things went back to being stable for a while? The reality is that change in the workplace is rarely a simple one-off event, more often change is delivered in waves, often iterated to allow the change to best reflect the environment.

It is easy to imagine the worst when change happens, assuming job losses, less rewards and more work, over expansion and growth, and when our teams start to imagine these things, it will quickly start to impact productivity, motivation and sometimes even well-being.

How we communicate change as leaders can either help people navigate the change, keep focused and drive the work forward, or can be the catalyst of rumour, worry and concern. In this podcast, Graham and Richard explore the techniques that leaders can use to ensure they get the best for their people and from their people when change happens.